| Open-Plan Office |
Comfortable, uniform task lighting with low glare for computer-based work. |
Maintained illuminance: 300–500 lux Uniformity: at least 0.60 where applicable |
CCT: 3500–4000 K CRI: ≥80 UGR: ≤19 for screen-based work Target efficacy: ≥120 lm/W |
Choose recessed or suspended fixtures with controlled optical distribution, low flicker, and a matte or micro-prismatic diffuser. Confirm glare performance using photometric data rather than relying only on fixture appearance. |
| Retail Store |
Bright, visually attractive lighting that supports product presentation and customer navigation. |
Ambient illuminance: 500–1000 lux Accent lighting: commonly 2–3 times the ambient level |
CCT: 3000–4000 K CRI: ≥90 for merchandise display Target efficacy: ≥110 lm/W Beam angles: approximately 15°–60° for accent lighting |
Use a layered design with general, accent, and feature lighting. Select high-CRI LED modules with consistent color bins and interchangeable lenses when displays may change frequently. |
| Warehouse and Logistics Area |
Efficient lighting for aisles, picking, storage, and safe vehicle or pedestrian movement. |
Maintained illuminance: 150–300 lux Higher levels may be required for detailed picking or inspection tasks. |
CCT: 4000–5000 K CRI: ≥80 Target efficacy: ≥140 lm/W Recommended control: occupancy or aisle sensing |
Select high-bay fixtures with optics matched to mounting height and aisle geometry. Verify thermal management, surge protection, emergency-lighting compatibility, and resistance to dust or moisture where conditions require it. |
| Hotel Lobby and Reception |
Welcoming, comfortable illumination with visual emphasis on reception desks and architectural features. |
General illuminance: 100–300 lux Reception or check-in areas: approximately 300–500 lux |
CCT: 2700–3500 K CRI: ≥90 for premium finishes Low flicker: preferred Dimming: 10–100% where practical |
Combine ambient fixtures with decorative or accent luminaires. Specify smooth dimming, stable color quality at different output levels, and warm white light suitable for hospitality interiors. |
| Restaurant and Café |
Atmospheric lighting for dining areas combined with brighter, practical illumination in service zones. |
Dining area: 100–200 lux Service and circulation areas: 200–300 lux |
CCT: 2700–3000 K CRI: ≥90 Target efficacy: ≥100 lm/W Dimming and scene control: recommended |
Use warm, high-CRI products to improve food and material appearance. Specify suitable IP ratings near kitchens or wash-down areas, and keep drivers accessible for maintenance. |
| Classroom and Training Room |
Uniform lighting for reading, writing, presentations, and face-to-face communication. |
Maintained illuminance: 300–500 lux Uniformity: at least 0.60 where applicable |
CCT: 3500–4000 K CRI: ≥80 UGR: ≤19–22 depending on layout Flicker: low and suitable for camera use |
Select glare-controlled fixtures with separate switching or dimming zones. Consider daylight sensors, presence detection, and compatibility with display screens or video conferencing equipment. |
| Healthcare Waiting Area |
Clear, comfortable illumination that supports orientation, reading, and a calm environment. |
General illuminance: 200–300 lux Reception and reading points: 300–500 lux |
CCT: 3000–4000 K CRI: ≥80; ≥90 for sensitive visual tasks UGR: preferably ≤19–22 |
Prioritize low glare, easy-to-clean surfaces, reliable color consistency, and quiet drivers. Follow the applicable healthcare electrical, infection-control, and emergency-lighting requirements for the project location. |
| Parking Garage |
Continuous, uniform illumination for vehicles, pedestrians, entrances, ramps, and security cameras. |
Typical maintained illuminance: 50–100 lux Higher levels may be required at entrances, ramps, or pedestrian routes. |
CCT: 4000–5000 K CRI: ≥70–80 IP rating: typically IP65 or higher for exposed areas Surge protection: recommended |
Use durable, sealed fixtures with wide distributions and strong thermal design. Consider occupancy or daylight controls, but maintain minimum safety levels and avoid abrupt changes in brightness. |
| Manufacturing and Assembly Area |
Task-appropriate illumination for assembly, inspection, machinery operation, and worker safety. |
General work: 300–500 lux Detailed assembly or inspection: 500–1000 lux |
CCT: 4000–5000 K CRI: ≥80; ≥90 for color inspection Target efficacy: ≥130 lm/W Low flicker: essential near rotating machinery |
Match beam angle, mounting height, and uniformity to the production layout. Check compatibility with machine vision, reflective surfaces, hazardous-area classifications, and local occupational lighting rules. |
| Outdoor Commercial Walkway |
Safe pedestrian movement, clear wayfinding, and controlled light spill during nighttime operation. |
Typical maintained illuminance: 10–30 lux Higher levels may apply at entrances, stairs, or loading points. |
CCT: 3000–4000 K CRI: ≥70–80 IP rating: IP65 or higher Impact rating: select according to exposure |
Specify weather-resistant fixtures with appropriate glare shielding, corrosion protection, and optical control. Review local requirements for light trespass, sky glow, emergency routes, and accessibility. |
| Commercial Kitchen |
Bright, shadow-reduced lighting for food preparation, cleaning, storage, and safe movement. |
Preparation areas: 500 lux or project-specific requirement Circulation and storage: commonly 200–300 lux |
CCT: 4000–5000 K CRI: ≥80 IP rating: commonly IP65 or higher in wet zones Sealed, cleanable housing |
Use smooth, sealed luminaires that resist grease, moisture, and frequent cleaning. Confirm the fixture's temperature rating, mounting method, food-area suitability, and compatibility with local hygiene regulations. |
| Corridor and Stairway |
Continuous, even illumination for orientation, circulation, and safe changes in level. |
Typical maintained illuminance: 100–200 lux Stairs and hazard points may require higher levels. |
CCT: 3000–4000 K CRI: ≥80 Uniformity: minimize dark zones Controls: occupancy sensing where appropriate |
Avoid excessive contrast and direct glare. Use continuous switching logic or dim-to-low controls, while ensuring emergency lighting remains independent and compliant with applicable codes. |